Talc Pleurodesis: Stem the Effusions

Though talc pleurodesis (TP) is not always recognized as a "treatment" for malignant mesothelioma, some researchers have shown that unselected survival data is comparable to highly selected surgical series of combined pneumonectomy, radiation, and chemotherapy.[1] The Chart "Talc Pleurodesis," provides an overview of this treatment option. Most agree that the TP is very effective in retarding recurrent pleural effusions. Myths abound about whether a mesothelioma patient post-TP is eligible for a pleurectomy / decortication, but the truth is a careful surgeon won't be deterred, unless perhaps the TP included a lung biopsy or other procedure that opened up the lung or chest wall to deep tumor invasion.

Chart : Talc pleurodesis

Title

Patient Group

Results

Conclusions

Reference

Thoracoscopic Talc Poudrage in Malignant Pleural Effusions: Effective Pleurodesis Despite Low Pleural pH

25 mesothelioma patients in a prepaid, closed-panel health maintenance organization

Pleurodesis was successful in 22 of 25 (88%). There were no thoracoscopy-related deaths.

TP is an effective technique in malignant pleural effusions. The short hospital stay and high success rate make this approach a good choice in palliating symptomatic malignant pleural effusions.

Aelony et al, Chest. 113:1007, 1998.

Extrapleural Pneumonectomy

A review of several studies, total patient group not specified.

Talc pleurodesis facilitates extrapleural dissection at the time of EPP and may also prevent intraoperative spillage of malignant cells that may increase the risk of local recurrence.

It is best to proceed with the EPP within 2 to 3 weeks after pleurodesis.

Miller D, CTSNet, 2003.

Medical Thoracoscopy (Pleuroscopy)

A review of several studies, total patient group not specified.

Successful prevention of pleural effusions occurs in 90-100% after talc pleurodesis. Recurrences of effusions are infrequent. When followed until death, there was no recurrence

in 81%. Recurrence mean time of 17 months after pleurodesis.

Unselected survival data for TP is comparable to highly selected surgical series of combined

pneumonectomy, radiation, and chemotherapy.

Aelony et al, American Thoracic Society, 2005.

Prolonged Survival After Talc Poudrage for Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma

26 mesothelioma patients from a database of 228 patients with recurrent pleural effusions.

Mean survival after TTP was 23.8 +/- 16.3 months (median 19.4, range 2.9-68). Pleurodesis alleviated dyspnea in all patients. No perioperative deaths and one postoperative complication (pneumonia) occurred. Mean hospital stay was 3.9 +/- 2.7 days

TP remains a safe, low-morbidity, inexpensive primary palliative treatment option for malignant pleural mesothelioma and a valid control arm option for therapeutic trials. TP is ideal for patients who wish to avoid thoracotomy, long hospital stays and morbidity from multimodality therapy.

Aelony Y, Respirology. 10:649, 2005.

[1] Aelony Y, Thoracoscopic talc poudrage in malignant pleural effusions: effective pleurodesis despite low pleural pH, Chest, 1998

*** POSTED ON FEBRUARY 7, 2008 ***